fermer
A transitive verb is a verb that requires a direct object (e.g., acheter).
transitive verb
a. to close
Le réfrigérateur bipe si on oublie de fermer la porte.The refrigerator beeps if you forget to close the door.
b. to shut
Fermez la porte derrière vous pour que les mouches n’entrent pas.Shut the door behind you so the flies don't get in.
a. to close
Tous les soirs, Lola ferme les rideaux dans sa chambre.Every evening, Lola closes the curtains in her room.
b. to shut
Le bébé a fermé les yeux et s'est endormi dans les bras de son papa.The baby shut his eyes and fell asleep in his dad's arms.
c. to do up (closure on a garment)
Peux-tu fermer ma robe ? Il y a une fermeture éclair dans le dos.Can you do up my dress? There's a zipper in the back.
a. to close
La ville a fermé certaines routes à cause des inondations.The city closed some roads because of flooding.
b. to close off
La police a trouvé un bagage abandonné et a fermé une partie de la gare.Police found unattended luggage and closed off part of the station.
a. to switch off
Avant de partir, nous avons fermé l'électricité dans notre maison de vacances.Before leaving, we switched off the electricity in our vacation home.
b. to turn off
Ferme bien le robinet pour éviter qu'il goutte.Turn the tap off tightly to prevent dripping.
An intransitive verb is one that does not require a direct object (e.g., éternuer.).
intransitive verb
a. to close
C'est une vieille commode et les tiroirs ferment mal.It's an old dresser, and the drawers don't close properly.
b. to shut
Il y a un problème avec la fenêtre. Elle ne ferme plus.There's a problem with the window. It no longer shuts.
a. to close
Le supermarché ferme à 20 heures.The supermarket closes at 8 p.m.
b. to shut
Savez-vous à quelle heure la boulangerie ferme ?Do you know what time the bakery shuts?
c. to shut down
Il y avait une usine de textile ici, mais elle a fermé dans les années quatre-vingt.There used to be a textile factory here, but it shut down in the eighties.
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