sous
- Dictionary
sous
A preposition is a word that indicates the relationship between a word and another word (e.g., par, en).
a. under
Ma mère met toujours son sac sous son siège lorsqu'elle voyage en train.My mother always puts her bag under her seat when she travels by train.
b. underneath
Le plateau se trouve dans le placard, sous la grande marmite.The platter is in the cupboard underneath the big pot.
c. beneath
Je mets toujours des sets de table sous les assiettes.I always put place mats beneath the plates.
3. (figurative) (subordinate to)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
a. under (figurative)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
Pendant de nombreuses années, Cécile a travaillé sous Jacques, mais maintenant elle est directrice de la division marketing.For many years, Cécile worked under Jacques, but now she's the director of the marketing division.
4. (figurative) (directed by)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
a. under (figurative)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
Les troupes sont sous l'ordre du général.The troops are under the general's command.
5. (figurative) (influenced by)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
a. under (figurative)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
Sous la pression de ses amis, Luc décida finalement d'aller au bal.Under pressure from his friends, Luc finally decided to go to the dance.
6. (figurative) (hidden by)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
a. under (figurative)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
Pauline a écrit un roman d'amour sous un pseudonyme.Pauline wrote a romance novel under a pseudonym.
b. using (present participle)
Les criminels sont entrés dans le pays sous de faux passeports.The criminals entered the country using fake passports.
7. (figurative) (in the era of)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
a. under (figurative)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
On dit que Versailles était le centre de l'univers sous Louis XIV.They say that Versailles was the center of the universe under Louis XIV.
c. in the time of
La ville de Québec a été fondée sous Champlain en 1608.Québec City was founded in the time of Champlain in 1608.
8. (figurative) (in less than)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
a. in under (figurative)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
Marc-Antoine peut courir un marathon sous les trois heures.Marc-Antoine can run a marathon in under three hours.
b. within (figurative)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
Nous serons à Paris sous un mois.We'll be in Paris within a month.
9. (figurative) (medicine)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
a. on (figurative)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
Mon cousin est sous antibiotiques en raison d'une otite.My cousin is on antibiotics due to an ear infection.
b. under (figurative)
A phrase used as a figure of speech or a word that is symbolic in meaning (e.g., to pull someone's leg).
Le chirurgien doit mettre Caroline sous anesthésie pour l'opération.The surgeon has to put Caroline under anesthesia for the operation.
A plural noun is a noun that is usually used in the plural form (e.g., les funérailles, les fines herbes).
10. (colloquial) (funds)
A word or phrase that is commonly used in conversational speech (e.g., skinny, grandma).
a. money (singular)
A word or phrase that is singular (e.g., le chat).
Je n'ai pas de sous en poche. Peux-tu m'en prêter ?I don't have any money in my pocket. Can you lend me some?
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