we had suffered
Past perfect we conjugation of suffer.
However, that said, it could be argued that that was due to little more than the unusually long time we had suffered when our hangover morphed into a debt overhang as a result of the previous craze of the 1980s and 1990s.
Mais on pourrait arguer que cela est dû en grande partie à la période inhabituellement longue de souffrance que nous avons connue lorsque nos maux de tête se sont transformés en une crise de surendettement, conséquence des derniers caprices des années 80 et 90.
Spain had ceded us to this country, after we had suffered almost five centuries of colonialism, and innumerable deaths and material losses in our struggle for independence.
L’Espagne nous avait cédés à ce pays après environ cinq siècles de colonialisme, et un nombre incalculable de morts et de dégâts matériels dans notre lutte pour l’indépendance.
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